Russian blues reveal effects of language on color discrimination Abstract
English and Russian color terms divide the color spectrum differently. Unlike English, Russian makes an obligatory distinction between lighter blues (“goluboy”) and darker blues (“siniy”). We investigated whether this linguistic difference leads to differences in color discrimination. We tested English and Russian speakers in a speeded color discrimination task using blue stimuli that spanned the siniy/goluboy border. We found that Russian speakers were faster to discriminate two colors when they fell into different linguistic categories in Russian (one siniy and the other goluboy) than when they were from the same linguistic category (both siniy or both goluboy). Moreover, this category advantage was eliminated by a verbal, but not a spatial, dual task. These effects were stronger for difficult discriminations (i.e., when the colors were perceptually close) than for easy discriminations (i.e., when the colors were further apart). English speakers tested on the identical stimuli did not show a category advantage in any of the conditions. These results demonstrate that (i) categories in language affect performance on simple perceptual color tasks and (ii) the effect of language is online (and can be disrupted by verbal interference). https://www.pnas.org/content/104/19/7780.full
青色に対して2種類の言葉を持つロシア語と、1種類しか持たない英語の話者で、青のグラデーションに対する識別の速度を計測したところ、ロシア語話者の方が有意に速かった、という実験
Winawer, J., Witthoft, N., Frank, M.C., Wu, L., Wade, A.R. and Boroditsky, L., 2007. Russian blues reveal effects of language on color discrimination. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104(19), pp.7780-7785.
認知の解像度と特に使い分けてない 現実の解像度と認知の解像度 これは解像力とする方が適切